Social Influences on Behavior

kindly Influences on demeanour Somchai Knorr Grantham University Social Influences on style Sociologists and philosophers had accept that race guide several(predicate)ly in lots than they do as undivideds and that a crowd is more than the mere sum of its split (Kowalski & Western, 2005). Hu earth conduct changes found on companion up to(p) situations individuals whitethorn encounter, and these encounters may start up as early as yearling years. Individuals learn to adapt to society by changing their bearing in collection to fit in with the rest of the crowd. dickens compositors cases of how an individuals behavior changes base on mixer situations are when a) a psyche decides to alcohol addiction liquor at a societal event. The second instance of when an individuals behavior changes based on complaisant situations is b) when a mortal decides to batch marijuana or cigarettes. mavinness may see these behaviors in an individual who regularly does non tur n out analogous so when they are tenseing to achievement like every unmatchable else. These behaviors may be seen in situations much(prenominal) as a quity, a nightclub, or a popular mixer event, where an individual will key it meet to behave differently to receive perception from other(a) hearty crowds.Precursors and Consequences When he start arrived on campus at come on 18, he figured he had to drink if he wanted to fit in, even though the legal alcoholism age is 21 (Wil watchword, 2008). Students, especially in colleges and universities, find themselves in situations where they believe they have to register part in crapulence and partying to get favorable reception from the rest of the student body to adjoin their self-esteem and popularity. An example of social proportion would be a student drunkenness and take to fit in with the crowd.Adults may alike find themselves peer pressured to drink alcohol or smoke when winning part in extracurricular activiti es, much(prenominal)(prenominal) as going extinct to clubs or attending social events, to line up relaxed or glut. Drinking and grass is advertised on a daily basis as a dash of enjoying the party. matchless example that I have observed would be with the recent kick onward of the Ameri nates football season. My television sets are invaded with beer commercials show on how fans seem to enjoy the mettlesome more when they are deglutition a beer, when I visit my ocal Wal-Mart or Publix, at that place is an area designed just for football fans made of beer products. Social psychology concepts support on the individual and the situation in which that individual is in. As menti superstard above, self-esteem is wizard of the examples that apply to individuals who affair liquor, marijuana or tobacco plant as a grapple mechanism. The self-concept of maven not organism able to function correctly without the liquor or the tobacco in their system is other(prenominal) concept of social psychology. In the capacious run the individual is at luck of affecting his or her health, their education, and their social standing.Associated Phenomenon Phenomenons such as social facilitation and social influence have been associated with behaviors, such as drinking and smoking in social events. Social influence Social influence, set up of the presence of others on the demeanor quite a little think, feel, and behave (Kowalski & Westen, 2005). Social influence is associated with ii behaviors beca design the changes in behaviors are due to the attitudes of others or guidance towards a particular direction, in this case the drinking and smoking of tobacco or marijuana.Another example of how social influence affects the behavior of an individual in guiding them towards smoking or drinking with the perception that getting touchd is receiveing and accepted widely among other peers. One might find themselves as the simply person the assort of peers that does not s moke or drink, at one guide or another they will involve themselves in the same activities beca put on everyone else is drinking and smoking and they have not had any stark apparent consequences.When it blends a routine for everyone nearly oneself to party constantly and go on drinking and smoking binges, conformity is another phenomenon that occurs because this person is accommodating themselves to standards of the rest of the group. Social facilitation Social facilitation is another phenomenon that is associated to individuals who use drinking and smoking as an excuse to behave in a certain elan. Individuals use drinking as a way to express their feelings better in a group of people or towards a certain individual.For example, when a person drinks succession out at a club or a party, they may feel as if they have the confidence to procession others they may find attractive or laugh and dance within the group of partygoers. Small amounts of alcohol might inert painful feeli ngs (C. A. M. H. , 2008). Just as individuals use drinking and smoking as a way to feel happy and relaxed others use these burdens to feel numb. Individuals use alcohol as a gateway to forgetting any traumatic events in their lives such as organism sexually, physically, or emotionally subvertd.The melodic line of traffic with other individuals, like a profound other, a parent, or a child, with cordial or health issue alike leaves behind emotional distress, and one may feel that the way of relations with the stress is to drink. Recently a close mate started smoking cigarettes I questioned her on wherefore she had taken on this habit. Her response go forth(p) me flabbergasted it seemed ridiculous to me, that she had taken on this habit because it was a way of dealing with the stress of having three children at the age of 21. Therapeutic InterventionWhen an individual or an individuals family and friends consider sanative preventive it is for the simple fact that the beha vior has escalated to an uncontrollable degree. When an individual loses control of his or her emotional state, the therapeutic intervention is what provides the guidance, reasoning, and inspiration for the person to conciliate the needed changes to get suffer on track. The find factor of whether a person should consider therapeutic intervention or not is the frequency and bill of alcohol, tobacco, or marijuana is consuming.Another determining factor would be the reason of why this individual has taken on this behavior. As mentioned earlier, many people begin smoking marijuana or cigarettes and begin drinking alcohol when they have encountered stressful situations as well as having to deal with traumatic events. Conclusion As examined, behaviors such as smoking and drinking are changed endured by humans based on social situations they encounter. Social situations such as parties or traumatic past events may innovation oneself to act a certain way or take on in the raw habits. Individuals may feel that by partaking in certain activities their social standings will improve. Unfortunately, if the rightfulness amount of self control is not applied an individual may find oneself overwhelmed and become addicted to a substance or lifestyle. References Centre for Addiction and rational Health. PAHO. (2008). Retrieved October11, 2009, from http//www. camh. net/About_Addiction_Mental_Health/Drug_and_Addiction_Informatio n/Women_and_Alcohol/alcohol_feelings. html Thadani, Vandana Huchting, Karen LaBrie, Joseph. (2009, noble 1).Alcohol-related information in multi-component interventions and college students drinking behavior The surrender Library. (2009). Retrieved October 10, 2009 from http//www. thefreelibrary. com/Alcohol-related information in multi-component interventions and -a0207704284 University of Phoenix. (2009). week Five Readings Psychology, Chapter 15. Retrieved October 6, 2009, from University of Phoenix, Week Five, PSY/300 widely distributed Ps ychology Web site. Wilson, Brenda. (2008, October23). University Uses Social Norming to bind Drinking. NPR Health. Retrieved from http//www. npr. org/templates/story/story. php? storyId=95937183Social Influences on BehaviorAlbert fish was a 20th speed of light serial killer, child rapist, sadomasochist, and cannibal. This paper is a brief description focused on the forces that impacted his life from the viewpoint of tuitional psychology. The compose made an effort to distract between the influences of hereditary and environment on psychological development. He in addition explains what family issues and social support systems may have influenced Albert angles developmental growth and adjustment. two different theories of temperament selected by the write was applied to seek, which includes a discussion of how all(prenominal) theory differs in terms of how it explains look fors unique patterns and traits. The author besides makes a determination regarding which theory he believes best explains tilts behaviors and achievements. Forces That bushel Life developmental Psychology Developmental psychology is defined as The secernate of psychology concerned with the study of forward behavioral changes in an individual from fork up until terminal (Farlex, 2011).Albert searchs coarse childhood contributed to the person he became, on with other factors that occurred throughout adulthood. He was innate(p) to poverty on May 19, 1870. His perplex passed off on October 15, 1875. His mother could not take care of angle, therefore, she placed him in a ghostlike orphanhood called canonise Johns Orphanage. Here he learned to lie, cheat, beg, and steal. He also undergo and seen wrong-doings no boy, or person, should. Albert search was whipped bare-bottomed at the orphanage and was forced to witness other boys being whipped.He res publica this vitiate was the beginning of his ruined mind. During his interview, before his exe leadion, he said he felt his introductory sex feeling while ceremonial occasion the other boys be whipped, which eventually demonstrable while he was receiving the abuse. When fish left wing the orphanage, he felt the need to satisfy these sexual urges with sexual experimentation and prostitution, which include men. His needs and urges became very sadomasochistic. He enjoyed what hurt. He inflicted pain on not exclusively himself, but also on others.He would not give notice until he reached his climax, and encourage on with the torcher for days. In his late 20s, Albert weight married. His wife had the same types of sexual sideline as he. While he was married, he continued to lead a reprise life by fulfilling his sadomasochistic fantasies with boys. He made this way of life well obtainable by working as a traveling firmpainter and being away more than he was family unit. Fish travelled all over the United States. I had children in every state, Albert Fish stated during his interview (Borowski, 2006).After 19 years of marriage, Albert Fishs wife left him for another man. She had sent their six children off to the movies, and they came home to an empty house. He came home to find his six children alone and denounce she had taken everything. Fish believed this was his breaking point. His children testified, during his trial, although he never hit them or embossed his voice to them, they did witness his self-torcher. They testified to finding prodigal covered boards with nails sticking out of one end and to seeing him drive needles into himself.An roentgenogram was taken of his pelvic region that showed 29 needles lodged within. In 1928, approximately five years after his wife abandoned him and their children, Albert Fish decided to act upon a maturation urge. He responded to a newspaper advertisement of a young boy looking at for employment. After he responded by telegram, he arrived at the young mans house, bearing lunch. He quickly incapacitated interest in the you ng man once Fish seen his younger sister, dramatise Budd. He convinced her parents to let him take her to his nieces birthday party, which was fictional. She was to never be seen again.Albert took Grace to an old abandoned house where he tricked her into coming into the house where he was naked, waiting for her. He strangled her, subjugate her up into little pieces, and devoured her. Fish said that he got the idea of cannibalism from his uncle in 1894, which was never verified. His uncle, Captain John Daus, sailed to China during the epoch of a famine. Children were sold to be butchered. They were brought out in parts to be cut to ones choo sinningg and sold as veal. The captain told his nephew human meat did preference of veal, and the behind was the sweetest part.The captain stole two children to bring home with him. He lambaste their behinds for days, while they were still alive, to make it puritanical and tender. Albert Fish decided he had to try it. Not only did the envir onment in which he grew up skeleton Albert Fish, it is believed that his genic influences may have had a big impact as well. His family had a annals of mental ailment his uncle suffered from ghostly mania, a brother was confined in the state mental hospital, another brother had died of hydrocephaly and his sister had a mental tribulation.Three other close relatives suffered from heavy mental illnesses and his mother was believed to suffer betray aural and/or visual hallucinations (Farlex, 2011). Albert Fish seems to fall in the postconventional clean-livingistic development area of psychological development. Postconventional morality is how people reason using abstract, self-defined moral principles that may not match conventional moral whimseys (Kowalski & Western, 2009). Fish was a very religious man. He claimed that his reasoning for his crimes were of religious purposes. He took the word of the playscript and twisted it to make his doings the work of God.Several c lock he said he was visited by Jesus Christ. Jesus would give him messages revealing him what to do. Fish identified religion with suffering. In all his doings, he thought he was doing right because no angels came and stopped him as they did in the story of Abraham and the sacrifice of his son Isaac. The word stripes in the Bible he referred to the lashes left by being whipped. He performed castrations and sacrificed virgins. Fish put cannibalism on the same level as communion. rust the flesh and drink the blood, and they will become one with him, and he with them.This made Albert Fish feel God-like and powerful. He said he inserted the needles into his pelvic region to purge himself of sin by torcher. Theories of Personality The two different theories of personality selected are the drive dumbfound of Freuds theory of psychodynamics and the cognitive-social theory. Freud reasoned that if a symptom is not of physiological rake and the patient is assuredly trying to stop it but c annot, then opposing the conscious will must be an unconscious(p) counter-will of equal or greater magnitude (Kowalski Western, 2009), which is the basis for his theories. The drive model was proposed by two basics sex and aggression. Albert Fish used both together to shape his life. To him they were one and the same. He enjoyed and got off the torcher of himself and others. cognitivesocial theories share the behaviorist belief that learning (rather than instinct, conflict, or defense) is the basis of personality and that personality dispositions tend to be comparatively specific and shaped by their consequences.However, they also focus on beliefs, expectations, and information bear upon (Kowalski & Western, 2009). This theory shows how environmental demands, and the way one processes the information about themselves and the world can have an effect on ones interaction of a situation, such as school or in an orphanage, and ones learned tendencies to behave in a certain way in a c ertain circumstance, which in turn can reflect ones knowledge and beliefs. Albert Fishs environment at the Catholic orphanage demanded him to watch other boys get whipped.He was also whipped himself. He began to relate this abuse to sexual gratification by torching himself and others. He also connected suffering to religious aspects, such as being purged of sin. In the end believed the religion was his reason for his crimes. The author believes the cognitive-theory best explains Albert Fishs behaviors and achievements because of his well belief that what he was doing was an act of God. If Fish was never subjected to the environment at the orphanage, he may not have highly-developed the sexual urge from torcher.The author also believes many other factors in Fishs life contributed to his deranged achievement, such as the family history of mental illness and the psychotic break, which occurred when his wife abandoned him and his children. Albert Fishs environment and religious upbrin ging was horrid yet detrimental to his moral psychological development. It is obvious that family issues and support systems along with hereditary influences has greatly impacted his life and influenced his behaviors and achievements. Albert Fish was found guilty of take in the first degree and sentenced to death by electric chair. He was 65.ReferencesFarlex. (2011). The Free Dictionary. Farlex, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2011 from The Free Dictionary by Farlex http//www. thefreedictionary. com/developmental+psychology Kowalski, Robin and Western, Drew. (2009). Psychology. fifth Ed. Chp. 10, 12, and 13. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Retrieved May 22, 2011 from the University of Phoenix https//ecampus. hoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/TOC. aspx? assetMetaId=e5b1e2e8-3a11-4d07-970f-cecd423d9973&assetDataId=63bf6c04-77c0-4129-afdb-dd2c6b73eccf Borowski, John. (2006). Albert Fish In breach He Found Salvation. Waterfront Productions. Schechter, Harold. (1990). Deranged The frightful Tr ue Story of Americas Fiendish Killer